Yenilebilir Mantarlar ve Et İkamesi Olarak Kullanım Olanakları
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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11737238Anahtar Kelimeler:
Makro mantarlar, misel mantarlar, et ikamesiÖzet
Mantarlar glikoproteinler, polisakkaritler, terpenoidler, steroidler, fenoller, nükleotidler ve bunların türevleri olan çeşitli biyolojik aktiviteler sergileyen birçok biyoaktif bileşikleri bünyesinde barındırır. Yenilebilir mantarlar, insanlar tarafından tüketilebilen, şekil bakımından çeşitlilik gösteren, yenilebilir ve tıbbi değeri olan mantarların bir sınıfıdır. Yenilebilir makro mantarlar (büyük mantarlar) protein ve diğer besinler açısından zengindir ve yetiştirilmesi için büyük arazler gerektirmez, bu da onları et analoglarının üretimi için ideal bir hammadde haline getirir. İlave oalrak lezzet veren maddeler açısından zengindirler ve alerjenler açısından hayvan eti ve bitki bazlı et analoglarına karşı avantajlara sahiptirler. Bu nedenle yenilebilir makro mantarlar et analogları yapımı için oldukça uygundur. Misel mantarlar ise nesillerdir gıda, gıda bileşenleri (örn. sitrik asit, sirke), yem, enzimler, farmasötikler, nutrasötikler ve daha fazlasının üretiminde yetiştirilmekte ve kullanılmaktadır. Son zamanlarda, katı meyve veren gövdeler yerine, fermentörlerde yetiştirilen mantar miselyumlarından et benzeri ürünler geliştirmeye yönelik bir hareket ortaya çıkmıştır.
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