Koyunlarda Gebeliğin Maternal Kabulü ve İmplantasyon Süreci


Özet Görüntüleme: 213 / PDF İndirme: 167

Yazarlar

  • Ali Ekber TEKDAL Dicle Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Diyarbakır,

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7456363

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Embriyo, küçük ruminant, interferon, endometriyum

Özet

Koyunlarda embriyonal dönem, blastogenezisin sonundan 34. güne kadar olan süredir. Koyun embriyoları, fertilizasyon sonrasında 3-4. günlerde uterusa girer. Erkek ve dişi pronükleuslarının birleşmesiyle oluşan zigot mitotik bölünmelere uğrar. İlk olarak iki blastomerli embriyo halini alır. Çiftleşme sonrası 14. günde filamantöz konseptus uterus lümeninde hareketsiz hale gelir. Uzayan blastosist endometrial epitelle yakın temasını sürdürür. Bütün memelilerde endometrial uterus bezleri, histotrof olarak adlandırılan proteinler ve değişik besin unsurları içeren kompleks bir sıvı salgılarlar. Bu salgı ürünü içerisinde; enzimler, büyüme faktörleri, sitokinler, lenfokinler, hormonlar, transport proteinler vb. bulunur. Histiyotrof beslenmede, uterus bezleri tarafından üretilen proteinler ve diğer besleyici moleküller embriyonun canlılığını devam ettirmesini sağlar. Embriyo, bu histotrof sıvının içinde yüzer. Gebe olmayan koyunlarda, siklusun 16-17. günlerinde endometriyumdan Prostaglandin (PGF2α) salınımı artarak korpus luteumun regresyonuna neden olmaktadır. Bu nedenle gebeliğin kabulünde endometriyal PGF2α’nın salgılanmasının engellenmesi esastır. Koyunlarda, uterus içerisinde serbest dolaşan blastosist, sipesifik proteinler üretir. Bu protein, ovine trofoblastik protein-1 (oTP-1) olarak adlandırılmakta ve interferon tau olarak bilinmektedir. Blastosistin trofoektoderminde üretilen interferon tau, endometriyal östradiol reseptörlerini baskılayarak oksitosin reseptörlerinin sentezini önlemesi ve böylece PGF2α’nın salgılanmasını engellemesi şeklinde açıklanmaktadır. İnterferon tau, koyunlarda gebeliğin 10-21. günlerinde üretilmekte olup maksimum düzeye 15. günde ulaşmaktadır. Dolaşımdaki progesteron hormonu konsantırasyonu, erken gebelik döneminde blastosistin hayatta kalmasını ve gelişmesini sağlamaktadır.

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Yayınlanmış

2022-12-23

Nasıl Atıf Yapılır

TEKDAL, A. E. (2022). Koyunlarda Gebeliğin Maternal Kabulü ve İmplantasyon Süreci. MAS Uygulamalı Bilimler Dergisi, 7(Özel Sayı), 1171–1183. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7456363

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