Biomarkers Used in The Diagnosis of Pyometra in Dogs
![](https://ojsdergi.com/ojsicons/gor.png)
![](https://ojsdergi.com/ojsicons/pdf.png)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7954295Keywords:
Pyometra, biomarkers, diagnosis, veterinary medicineAbstract
Diagnosis of pyometra in dogs has an important place in determining appropriate and necessary treatment options. The disease shows changes in the early stages, making diagnosis difficult. Today, investigation of different laboratory parameters/markers for the diagnosis and prognosis of pyometra is in great demand in veterinary medicine. For this reason, the use and evaluation of biomarkers that allow early and specific diagnosis is seen as a need to increase the chance of survival of the animal, to monitor the systemic inflammation that occurs, to prevent possible complications and to start treatment on time. Biomarkers are biological molecules found in blood, body fluids and tissues that show changes in a normal/abnormal state or disease/health states, and are used to diagnose the occurring pathological condition, determine its prognosis, and evaluate the appropriate treatment effectiveness. In this review, it is aimed to give detailed information about biomarkers that can be used in the diagnosis of pyometra in female dogs.
References
Anonim, 2021. Klinik Laboratuvar Testleri. (http://www.gvntip.com/panel/r_dosya/haptoglobin.pdf), (Erişim tarihi: 04.04.2022)
Dabrowski, R., Kostro, K., Lisiecka, U., Szczubial, M., Krakowski, L., 2009. Usefulness of C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A component, and haptoglobin determinations in bitches with pyometra for monitoring early post-ovariohysterectomy complications. Theriogenology, 72(4): 471-476.
Franco-Martinez, L., Horvatic, A., Gelemanovic, A., Samardzija, M., Mrljak, V., Contreras-Aguilar, M.D., Martinez-Subiela, S., Dabrowski, R., Tvarijonaviciute, A., 2020. Changes in the salivary proteome associated with canine pyometra. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 7(277): 1-7.
Fransson, B.A., 2003. Systemic Inflammatory Response in Canine Pyometra. PhD Thesis, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Uppsala.
Fransson, B.A., Karlstam, E., Bergstrom, A., Lagerstedt, A.S., Park, J.S., Evans, M.A., Ragle, C.A., 2004. C-reactive protein in the differentiation of pyometra from Cystic endometrial hyerplasia/mucometra in dogs. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association, 40(5): 391-399.
Hagman, R., 2012. Clinical and Molecular Characteristics of Pyometra in Female Dogs. Reproduction in Domestic Animals, 47(6): 323-325.
Hagman, R., Kindahl, H., Fransson, B.A., Bergström, A., Holst, B.S., Lagerstedt, A.S., 2006. Differentiation between pyometra and cystic endometrial hyperplasia/mucometra in bitches by Prostaglandin F2α metabolite analysis. Theriogenology, 66(2): 198-206.
Hagman, R., Kindahl, H., Lagerstedt, A.S., 2006. Pyometra in Bitches Induces Elevated Plasma Endotoxin and Prostaglandin F2α Metabolite Levels. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, 47(1): 55-68.
Işık, G., Demirezen, Ş., Beksaç, M.S., 2008. Tümör Nekroz Faktör ve Servikal Kanser Bağlantısı. Türk Bilimsel Derlemeler Dergisi, 1(2): 55-61.
Jitpean, S., 2015. Predictive Markers and Risk Factors in Canine Pyometra. PhD Thesis, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Clinical Sciences, Uppsala.
Jitpean, S., Stridsberg, M., Pettersson, A., Höglund, O.V., Holst, B.S., Hagman, R., 2015. Decreased plasma Chromogranin A361-372 (Catestatin) but not Chromogranin A17-38 (Vasostatin) in female dogs with bacterial uterine infection (pyometra). BMC Veterinary Research, 11(14): 1-8.
Jitpean, S., Stridsberg, M., Pettersson, A., Höglund, O.V., Holst, B.S., Hagman, R., 2015. Pyometra in dogs induced decreased plasma concentrations of Chromogranin A (Catestatin). The 40th Congress of the World Small Animal Veterinary Association Proceedings, 15-18 May, Bangkok, Thailand.
Karlsson, I., 2015. Cytokines as Diagnostic Biomarkers in Canine Pyometra and Sepsis. PhD Thesis, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Uppsala.
Karlsson, I., Hagman, R., Johannisson, A., Wang, L., Karlstam, E., Wernersson, S., 2012. Cytokines as Immunological Markers for Systemic Inflammation in Dogs with Pyometra. Reproduction in Domestic Animals, 47(6): 337-341.
Kırmızıgül, A.H., Erkılıç, E.E., Merhan, O., Öğün, M., Ölmez, N., Taşçı, G.T., Vatansever, Z., 2020. The Serum Amyloid-A, Haptoglobin, Ceruloplasmin and Albumin Levels in Dogs Which are Infected with Babesia canis. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, 13(2): 219-223.
Kiper, N., Aslan, A.T., 2016. Çocuk Göğüs Hastalıklarında Tanı Yöntemleri (Ed: HH. Akar, M. Köse). Enflamatuar Biyobelirteçler, 1st ed., Probiz Ltd. Şti. (Content Ed Net Türkiye), s.77-94.
Köse, S.İ., Maden, M., 2013. Biyomarkerlar ve Klinik Kullanımları. Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 2(1): 1-8.
Kules, J., Horvatic, A., Guillemin, N., Ferreira, R.F., Mischke, R., Mrljak, V., Chadwick, C.C., Eckersall, P.D., 2020. The plasma proteome and the acute phase protein response in canine pyometra. Journal of Proteomics, 223(103817): 1-11.
Maddens, B., Heiene, R., Smets, P., Svensson, M., Aresu, L., van der Lugt, J., Daminet, S., Meyer, E., 2011. Evaluation of Kidney Injury in Dogs with Pyometra Based on Proteinuria, Renal Histomorphology, and Urinary Biomarkers. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 25(5): 1075-1083.
Nak, D., Kaşıkçı, G., 2013. Köpek ve Kedilerde Doğum ve Jinekoloji (Ed: M. Kaymaz, M. Fındık, A. Rişvanlı, A. Köker). İnfertilite. Medipres Matbaacılık Yayıncılık Ltd. Şti., Malatya, s.223-273.
Okano, S., Tagawa, M., Takase, K., 1998. Relationship of the Blood Endotoxin Concentration and Prognosis in Dogs with Pyometra. The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 60(11): 1265-1267.
Özyurtlu, N., 2012. Köpeklerde Pyometra ve Tedavi Seçeneklerine Kısa Bir Bakış. Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(6): 34-36.
Rybska, M., Billert, M., Skrzypski, M., Kubiak, M., Wozna-Wysocka, M., Lukomska, A., Nowak, T., Blaszczyk-Cichoszewska, J., Pomorska-Mol, M., Wasowska, B., 2022. Canine Cystic endometrial hyperplasia and pyometra may downregulate neuropeptide Phoenixin and GPR173 receptor expression. Animal Reproduction Science, 238: 1-13.
Sevgisunar, N.S., Şahinduran, Ş., 2014. Hayvanlarda Akut Faz Proteinleri, Kullanım Amaçları ve Klinik Önemi. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 2(1): 50-72.
Sharif, H., Hagman, R., Wang, L., Eriksson, S., 2013. Elevation of serum thymidine kinase 1 in a bacterial infection: Canine pyometra. Theriogenology, 79(1): 17-23.
Singh, L.K., Patra, M.K., Mishra, G.K., Saxena, A.C., De, U.K., Singh, S.K., Kumar, H., Narayanan, K., 2020. Prospects of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of pyometra in canine. Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction, 9(4): 166-173.
Soler, L., Szczubial, M., Dabrowski, R., Plusa, A., Bochniarz, M., Brodzki, P., Lampreave, F., Pineiro, M., 2021. Measurement of ITIH4 and Hp levels in bitches with pyometra using newly developed ELISA methods. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 235: 1-6.
Sönmezer, M.Ç., Tülek, N., 2015. Bakteriyel İnfeksiyonlarda ve Sepsiste Biyobelirteçler. Klimik Dergisi, 28(3): 96-102.
Srithunyarat, T., Hagman, R., Höglund, O.V., Olsson, U., Stridsberg, M., Jitpean, S., Lagerstedt, A.S., Pettersson, A., 2017. Catestatin and Vazostatin concentrations in healthy dogs. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, 59(1): 1-8.
Tecles, F., Escribano, D., Contreras-Aguilar, M.D., Rubio, C.P., Szczubial, M., Ceron, J.J., Dabrowski, R., Tvarijonaviciute, A., 2018. Evaluation of adenosine deaminase in saliva and serum, and salivary α-amylase, in canine pyometra at diagnosis and after ovariohysterectomy. The Veterinary Journal, 236: 102-110.
Tosson, A.M.S., Glaser, K., Weinhage, T., Foell, D., Aboualam, M.S., Edris, A.A., Ansary, M.E., Lotfy, S., Speer, C.P., 2020. Evaluation of the S100 protein A12 as a biomarker of neonatal sepsis. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 33(16): 2768-2774.
Yokota, S., Yuki, M., Fujikake, K., Masuda, K., Hirano, T., Naito, E., Kainuma, D., Taira, H., Narita, M., 2021. Clinical Use of Lymphocyte Subset Analysis: As a Prognostic Marker for Dogs with Pyometra. Research Square, p:1-14.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 MAS Journal of Applied Sciences
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.