Propagation of Hybrid Almond and Peach Rootstocks by Cuttings

Abstract

Turkey is one of the leading countries in the world in terms of almond and peach production. Almond and peach are also important fruits for our producers. There are problems about clonal rootstock in our country. We do not have registered, clonally propagated and nematode-resistant almond and peach rootstocks. We are dependent on foreign countries in this regard. There are clonal, nematode-resistant new almond and peach rootstocks that have been bred in Turkey in recent years. These rootstocks have not been registered yet. Work on it continues. This thesis study was carried out in Gaziantep and Kahramanmaraş in 2019 -2020. With the project, it was aimed to determine the propagation performance by cuttings of newly bred clonal, nematode-resistant almond and peach rootstocks. Atli et al. (2019 and 2021) have concluded two TUBITAK projects, they had bred 16 hybrid rootstocks. We used 16 rootstocks and 4 control rootstocks as material in our project. Wood cuttings of hybrids and parents (20 pieces) were prepared in early February, 4 doses of IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) (0 ppm, 2000 ppm, 4000 ppm, 6000 ppm) were applied. A total of 960 cuttings were used, with 16 cuttings and 3 replications for each IBA dose. The cuttings taken into the rooting medium; rooting percentages, root numbers, root lengths, shoot numbers and shoot lengths were determined. The cuttings of the hybrids generally gave the best results at the 2000 ppm IBA dose. Among the hybrids we studied, the FG-69 hybrid gave the best results. In our research, as a result of the application of 2000 ppm IBA to the wood cuttings of the FG-69 hybrid; Rooting rate was 94.3%, root length was 12.33 cm, root number was 12.8, shoot number 2.84.