The journal operates with a structured editorial system consisting of the Editor-in-Chief, Associate Editors, and Section Editors.

• The Editor-in-Chief is responsible for the overall scientific quality, editorial management, and final publication decisions.
• Associate Editors oversee the peer-review process, assign reviewers, and evaluate manuscripts.
• Section Editors manage submissions within their specific fields of expertise.

All editorial decisions are based solely on scientific merit, originality, relevance, and ethical standards.

Peer Review Process

The journal implements a double-blind peer-review system.

• Each manuscript is evaluated by at least two independent reviewers
• The identities of authors and reviewers are kept confidential
• The process ensures objectivity, fairness, and transparency

The Editor-in-Chief makes the final decision regarding the acceptance or rejection of manuscripts.

Editors as Authors and Conflict of Interest

Editors (including the Editor-in-Chief, Associate Editors, and Section Editors) are allowed to submit manuscripts to the journal. However:

• They are strictly excluded from the editorial and peer-review process of their own submissions
• Their manuscripts are handled by an independent editor
• At least two external reviewers are assigned
• A clear disclosure statement is included in the published article

Example:

“This manuscript was handled by an independent editor due to a conflict of interest.”

Publication Ethics

The journal adheres to the principles and guidelines of the
Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

All participants in the publication process (authors, editors, reviewers) are required to comply with these ethical standards.

The journal strictly prohibits:

• Plagiarism
• Data fabrication and falsification
• Duplicate publication

Author Responsibilities

must ensure that:

• The manuscript is original and has not been published elsewhere
• All listed authors have made significant contributions
• A similarity/plagiarism report is submitted
• Ethical approval is obtained and declared where necessary
• Funding sources and conflicts of interest are clearly stated

Reviewer Responsibilities

Reviewers are expected to:

• Provide objective, constructive, and unbiased evaluations
• Maintain confidentiality of manuscripts
• Declare any potential conflicts of interest
• Complete the review process within the specified timeframe

Editorial Independence and Transparency

Editorial decisions are made independently of the publisher or any external influence.

The journal guarantees:

• Transparency in editorial processes
• Separation of editorial roles and authorship
• Ethical and unbiased handling of all submissions

Publication Integrity and Diversity

The journal ensures:

• Regular and timely publication
• Avoidance of excessive publications by editors or the same institution
• Promotion of international diversity among authors and editorial board members

Misconduct and Retraction Policy

In cases of suspected misconduct:

• The journal follows the procedures recommended by COPE
• Appropriate actions may include:
  • Correction
  • Retraction
  • Removal (in severe cases)